6-1-obshhie-svedeniya-i-mery-bezopasnosti.html

6.1. General information and security measures

Petrol models

Into structure of fuel system enter: established in a back part of the car (under a pillow of a back seat) a fuel tank with an adsorber on absorbent carbon, топливопроводы, the electric fuel pump, and also the electronic system of consecutive injection operated by the control unit.

The stock of fuel is shown to the driver on the dashboard. On the petrol engine of pair of gasoline gather in an adsorber and move in chambers of combustion of the engine.

Essential influence on fuel consumption renders style of driving of the car. Some councils on the reasonable address with a gas pedal below are given.

• After engine start at once get under way from a place even if it occurs on a frost;
• At a car stop for a while more on 40 with, switch off the engine;
• Move always on the highest transfer;
• At movement on big distances whenever possible support uniform speed. Avoid movement on high speeds. Operate the car circumspectly. Without need do not brake;
• Transport the car excessive cargo. If the luggage carrier is not used, remove it from a roof;
• Check pressure of air in tires. Do not allow excessive pressure decrease.

Diesel models

Into structure of fuel system enter: established in a back part of the car (under a pillow of a back seat) a fuel tank, the fuel filter, nozzles, fuel tubes and hoses, the sensor of a stock of the fuel, located in a tank and the block of electronic control by the engine.

Fuel moves the special pump via the filter. In the filter dirt and the water containing in fuel settles.

The engine copes the electronic system similar to a control system of petrol engines. The system operates operation of the engine, analyzing information arriving from a large number of sensors.

On diesel models there is no accelerator cable. Instead of it on a pedal the sensor of its situation is established.

The valve of an otsechka of fuel at switching off of ignition is absent. To muffle the engine at ignition switching off, the control unit the engine sends a signal which, in turn, stops supply of fuel to nozzles to the TNVD control unit.

The fuel system is designed so that not to allow «подсоса» some air in the absence of fuel in a tank. The control unit constantly checks fuel level in a tank, processing information arriving from the sensor of a stock of fuel, located in a tank. When falling a stock of fuel to a certain level the control unit activates a control lamp on a combination of devices then compulsorily causes admissions of supply of fuel, limiting to that the maximum speed. It proceeds until fuel level in a tank will not exceed an admissible mark.

The fuel system of diesel engines is very reliable. During the using of pure fuel and performance of regular service it should function regularly before the termination of service life of the car. After very big run internal components of nozzles can wear out, and they will be necessary for repairing. As the pump - nozzles have a difficult design, repair is recommended to be carried out in a specialized workshop.

Security measures and rules of observance of purity at work with fuel system

At work with fuel system it is necessary to observe the following security measures and purity:

• Do not come nearer to works place with open fire, do not smoke and do not turn on any heating devices! Keep in readiness the fire extinguisher;
• Watch normal ventilation of a workplace, - fuel pairs are poisonous;
• The fuel system is under pressure. When opening system fuel can escape under pressure, - use goggles. The spilled fuel collect rags;
• At work with components of a power supply system of the diesel engine observe special precautionary measures. In special degree it belongs to nozzles. Keep in mind that pressure of fuel at an exit makes about 1100 atm of nozzles, - do not allow hit of any parts of a body under a fuel stream;
• Shlangovye connections fasten by means of tape or tightening collars. It is necessary to replace tightening collars with tape collars or collars of the last design surely. For installation of tape collars special adaptations (for example, HAZET 796-5) are issued;
• Connections and places adjoining to them before opening carefully clear;
• The removed components stack on a pure lining and cover with polyethylene, paper or НЕВОРСЯЩЕЙСЯ rags;
• Carefully close the open ends of shtutserny sockets, or cork them with suitable caps;
• Establish into place only pure details, - replaceable components take from packing only directly ahead of installation. Do not use details stored in an unpacked look;
• Avoid application of the compressed air at open fuel system, whenever possible try not to move the car;
• Do not apply some hermetics containing silicone, - the particles which have got to the engine of silicone do not burn down and can be at the bottom of failure of oxygen sensors.

Security measures at removal of a fuel tank

• Before removal of a tank merge from it fuel or pump out fuel pump specially provided for this purpose;
• The fuel tank acts in film from the bottom party of the car. Before a detachment of collars of fastening of a tank bring to it from below a jack and linings;
• The empty tank is explosive and cannot be utilized in such look. Before utilization the tank should be cut on a part. Watch that thus there was no spark. For this purpose hand over a fuel tank in the specialized enterprise;
• After tank installation into place start the engine and check tightness of all connections.